Red Cross Lifeguard Practice Test

Which type of victim requires immediate rescue?

1. a. Passive victim who is floating

2. b. Active victim who is struggling

3. c. A patron who is sitting at the pool edge

4. d. A swimmer who has temporarily stopped

The correct answer is: b. Active victim who is struggling

The active victim who is struggling requires immediate rescue because they are in a state of distress and may quickly drown if not assisted right away. This type of victim shows clear signs of panic and may be thrashing in the water, attempting to keep their head above the surface. Lifeguards are trained to recognize that an actively struggling person can rapidly deplete their energy, which can lead to loss of consciousness and increased risk of drowning. In contrast, a passive victim who is floating may not be actively calling for help but still requires attention; however, their situation may not be as urgent as that of an active victim. A patron sitting at the pool edge or a swimmer who has temporarily stopped may not pose an immediate threat to their safety and usually can be monitored without urgent intervention. Therefore, the active victim's condition makes them the highest priority due to the immediate threat to their life.