Red Cross Lifeguard Practice Test

A patron dives into the shallow end of the lap pool. You suspect a head, neck or spinal injury because the patron performed a high-risk, high-impact activity and has:

1. a. An elevated body temperature

2. b. Blood in the ears and nose

3. c. An irregular heartbeat

4. d. Impaired hearing

The correct answer is: b. Blood in the ears and nose

When a patron performs a high-risk, high-impact activity such as diving into the shallow end of a lap pool, there is a significant risk of sustaining a head, neck, or spinal injury. The presence of blood in the ears and nose serves as a serious indicator of potential trauma to the head and possibly even damage to the cranial structures or spinal cord. This symptom can suggest that the patron has experienced a significant impact, leading to bleeding around or within the cranial cavity, which can be associated with severe injuries. In cases of head, neck, or spinal injuries, it is essential to respond quickly and appropriately. The other symptoms listed may indicate other medical issues but are not specific indicators of trauma to the head or neck. For example, an elevated body temperature might suggest overheating or heat-related illness, an irregular heartbeat could be indicative of a cardiac issue, and impaired hearing might point to an auditory impairment but does not directly signal a head or spinal injury. Therefore, blood in the ears and nose is the most relevant and alarming sign that indicates a possible severe injury that requires immediate attention.